In the area of adaptation, a national flood and wildfire protection program has been launched. It includes satellite monitoring, updated risk maps, and funding for local warning systems. Indigenous communities play a special role, with their traditional knowledge being integrated into response plans.
Advertising
Meanwhile, controversy remains over the carbon tax. Although the Supreme Court of Canada upheld its constitutionality in 2021, some provinces continue to challenge the rates. A review of the refund mechanism to citizens is planned for 2025 to improve social equity.
Experts note that Canada is moving toward a “cooperative federalism” in climate policy, avoiding rigid centralization. This allows for consideration of regional specificities, but requires complex negotiations.
The new commitments are also consistent with international frameworks: the Paris Agreement, the Global Methane Commitment, and the Mississippi-Mackenzie Clean Power Plan.
While full coordination remains a challenge, dialogue between levels of government demonstrates the maturity of Canada’s federal system.
The goal is not only to reduce emissions but also to ensure a just transition in which no region or worker is left behind.